On March 3, 2021, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Health Commission, and the General Administration of Market Supervision jointly issued the "National Food Safety Standard Maximum Residue Limits of Pesticides in Food" (GB 2763-2021) (hereinafter referred to as the "new standard"), It is stipulated that 564 kinds of pesticides such as 2,4-D and other 564 kinds of pesticides shall be contained in 376 kinds (categories) of food. The standard will be formally implemented on September 3, replacing GB 2763-2019.
This new standard is the most stringent in history and covers the widest range. The number of standards exceeded 10,000 for the first time. Compared with the 2019 version, there were 81 new pesticide varieties and 2,985 residue limits. Compared with the 2014 version before the "13th Five-Year Plan", the number of pesticide varieties increased by 46%, and the number of residue limits increased by 176%.
Comparison of new and old standards of GB2763：
First, the new standards cover pesticide varieties and the number of limit standards has increased significantly
The residue limit standards of 564 kinds of pesticides are stipulated, including 428 kinds of pesticides approved and registered in my country, 49 kinds of banned and restricted pesticides, 87 kinds of unregistered pesticides other than banned pesticides in my country, and 44 kinds of low-risk pesticides exempted from the establishment of residue limits. Recommend 194 supporting residue detection methods, and stipulate 376 kinds (classes) of foods for the formulation of maximum pesticide residue limits.
The new standards cover the pesticides approved for use in my country and the main food and agricultural products consumed by residents. The targets and tasks for formulating 10,000 pesticide residue standards stipulated in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" have been exceeded, and the standard-setting work has reached a new level. The number of pesticide varieties is about twice that before the "13th Five-Year Plan", and the limited quantity is about 3 times that before the "13th Five-Year Plan", which is twice that of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC).
The new standard also has a clear classification of tea-related items, which are divided into "beverage category: tea-this level classification" and "beverage category-inheriting the superior classification"; among them, beverage category: tea-this level of pesticide classification The residue limit increased to 70 items, accounting for 66% of the total pesticide residue limit indicators for tea-related projects; beverages-the pesticide residue limits inherited from the upper classification increased to 36 items, accounting for 34% of the total pesticide residue limit indicators for tea-related projects.
In the new standard, the newly-added pesticide residue limits for tea-category at this level are: carbofuran, picoxystrobin, isofenox-methyl, dimethoate, nitenpyram, ivermectin, etc. 6 Items. In addition, dicofol was adjusted from tea-this level of classification to beverage-inheriting the superior classification; the newly added beverage category-inheriting the superior classification of pesticide residue limits includes 35 items such as methamsulfuron, see the table below for details.
Second, the standard formulation is more stringent, highlighting the high-risk management of prohibited and restricted pesticides.
The new standard focuses on the supervision of high-risk prohibited pesticides, and sets the limit in accordance with the minimum level of accurate qualitative and quantitative determination of the detection method. 792 limit standards for 29 banned pesticides including methamidophos were stipulated; 345 limit standards for 20 restricted pesticides including omethoate were stipulated; the limit values of 16 banned pesticides including methamphetsulfuron were revised, and the limit value was realized. Full coverage of 12 types of plant-derived agricultural products.
Compared with the 2019 version, the number of pesticide varieties under the new standard has increased by 81, an increase of 16.7%, and 1343 limit standards have been added accordingly. Among them, 42 pesticides have been approved for registration in my country, and 39 pesticides have not yet been registered in my country. The number of limited standards has increased by 2985, and the number of limited standards for vegetables and fruits has increased significantly, increasing by 966 and 611 respectively, accounting for 32.0% and 24.4% of the total number of new standards in the new standard; the food group has a limited number of 1453, accounting for the increase 48.68% of the total limit, the market monitoring coverage is wider; the revised limit for prohibited and restricted pesticides achieves full coverage of the corresponding food category, and the limit for unregistered pesticides achieves full coverage of the plant-derived food category. In principle, the limit is set according to the quantitative limit of the detection method. value.
From the 106 tea-related limit indicators, the overall limit value is low. Among them, there are 53 indicators with a limit value of 0.05 mg/kg and below. The limit value of some pesticides is equivalent to the quantitative limit of the corresponding detection method. Compared with the 2019 version, the limit values of carbofuran, acephate, dicofol and other items have dropped significantly, highlighting the monitoring of banned pesticides in tea plants. See the table below for details.
In the new standard, there are 34 supporting testing method standards for tea-related projects. Although it can effectively solve the "limited amount and no method" problem of some pesticide residue projects, for example, diafenthiuron specifies the GB 23200.13 testing method (not specified in the 2019 version). Or recommend detection methods). At the same time, fluvalerate, methamphet, acephate, etc. have added corresponding detection methods on the basis of the 2019 version, increasing the method selectivity, but there are still glufosinate-ammonium, etc. 17 projects did not specify or recommend the corresponding testing method standards. Therefore, further improving the pesticide residue limit testing method standards is an urgent problem to be solved.